两道牛津数学系入学加试题，找到原英文题目
Q1.In this question we shall consider the function f (x) defined by
f (x) = x^2-px + 3
where p is a constant.
(i) Show that the function f (x) has one stationary value in the range 0 < x < 1 if0 < p < 1,
and no stationary values in that range otherwise.
In the remainder of the question we shall be interested in the smallest value attained by f (x) in the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. Of course, this value, which we shall call m, will depend
on p.
(ii) Show that if p > 1 then m = 4-2p.
(iii) What is the value of m if p ≤ 0?
(iv) Obtain a formula for m in terms of p, valid for 0 < p < 1.
(v)Using the axes opposite, sketch the graph of m as a function of p in the range
-2 ≤ p ≤ 2.
Q2
Songs of the Martian classical period had just two notes (let us call them x and y) and
were constructed according to rigorous rules:
I. the sequence consisting of no notes was deemed to be a song (perhaps the most
pleasant);
II. a sequence starting with x, followed by two repetitions of an existing song and
ending with y was also a song;
III. the sequence of notes obtained by interchanging xs and ys in a song was also a
song.
All songs were constructed using those rules.
(i) Write down four songs of length six (that is, songs with exactly six notes).
(ii) Show that if there are k songs of length m then there are 2k songs of length 2m+2.
Deduce that for each natural number there are 2^n songs of length 2^(n+1)-2.
Songs of the Martian later period were constructed using also the rule:
IV. if a song ended in y then the sequence of notes obtained by omitting that y was
also a song.
(iii)What lengths do songs of the later period have? That is, for which natural numbers n
is there a song with exactly n notes? Justify your answer.
本文转自：http://pm.yhlive.com/thread-28-1-2.html
[ 本帖最后由 282842712474 于 2008-2-1 11:16 编辑 ] 毕竟是入学考试，不难。不过不知道是本科还是研究生入学考试，怎么已经用到微积分了。
不过不懂stationary value的意义，查了下mathworld.wolfram.com才知道，
就是极值的意思。不过奇怪，应该是0<p<2时在0<x<1当中有唯一的极值点 (x0=p/2,f(x0)=3-p^2/4)
这是原版:)
http://www.admissions.ox.ac.uk/interviews/tests/Math.pdf或直接从论坛下载： 我说呢，
f (x) = x^2-px + 3
应该改为
f (x) = x^2-2px + 3
不然根本不成立
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